Evolution of the telephone
On June 2, 1875, Alexander Graham Bell while experimenting with his technique called "harmonic telegraph" discovered he could hear sound over a wire. In Marc1876 he invents and demonstrates the telephone. The day marked not only the birth of the telephone but the death of the multiple telegraphs as well. Gardiner Hubbard formed the Bell Telephone Company in 1877, and by the end of the year there were three thousand telephones in service. Hubbard named Theodore Vail as the new general manager of the Bell Company in 1878. This decision became the start of what would become the giant monopoly, the "Bell System. In 1878 the first manual switching board was located in New Haven Connecticut. 1891, a man named Almon Strowger got tired waiting for operators to answer the phone, so he invented a automatic telephone that allowed direct calling. As 1893 and 1894 went by, phones and phone systems were built all over America and the expansion started. Bell System completed the first coast-to-coast telephone line in 1915 from New York to San Francisco, which was the start of overseas cable installations. It seems the late 1940s were a time of innovation. The first commercial mobile phones were installed in 1946 in St. Louis. In 1947, the scientists at Bell Labs invented the transistor and the course of history changed. Electronic Switching offices began taking the place of the old mechanical switches. As the year 1974 was reached, the government announced it was filing suit to break up the "monopolistic" Bell System, and in 1984 governments wish was realized. But this did not stop the telephone from developing, and in 1997 the first camera phone was invented. For over one hundred years, telephone service has served as the basic communication link in this country and the world. Today, cellular phones and computers have revolutionized personal and business communication.
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